The term “exercise-induced asthma” is often used interchangeably with “exercise-induced bronchoconstriction”, but there is a subtle difference. While the former refers to the condition in asthmatic patients, the latter can affect both asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals. In both cases, exercise can trigger the bronchi, or airways, to narrow or constrict, making breathing difficult.
Therefore, it’s more accurate to use the term “exercise-induced bronchoconstriction” for the general population.
Signs and Symptoms During Exercising
- Shortness of breath
- Cough
- Poor exercise performance
- Wheezing
- Chest discomfort
- Tiredness during physical activity
Triggers of Exercise-Induced Asthma
- Cold air
- Dry air
- Air pollution
- Chlorinated water
- Physical activities calling for long periods of deep breathing, such as racing
Exercise-Induced Asthma Prevention
- Exercise away from polluted areas, in parks, or closer to lakes rather than inner city streets.
- Wear a mask on cold days
- Perform physical activity in short bursts
Treatment of Exercise-Induced Asthma
Short-term beta-agonists are the most commonly prescribed treatment for exercise-induced asthma. They are highly effective and usually, 1-2 puffs are inhaled just before exercise (~5-20 minutes before). However, it’s important to note that the body can build up a tolerance to them if they are used excessively, so it’s best to follow your doctor’s instructions.
- Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA (albuterol)
- Xopenex HFA (levalbuterol)
Long-term corticosteroids are inhaled to lower inflammation in the bronchi and can be especially helpful for asthmatics who have worsening asthma during exercise:
- Flovent (fluticasone)
- Pulmicort (budesonide)
- Qvar (beclomethasone)
- Asmanex Twisthaler (mometasone)
Combination corticosteroids with long-acting beta-agonists are inhaled to lower inflammation and open bronchi. They are an option for asthmatics with well-controlled asthma who routinely suffer from exercise-induced asthma attacks:
- Advair Diskus (fluticasone and salmeterol)
- Symbicort (budesonide and formoterol)
- Dulera (mometasone and formoterol)
Leukotriene modifiers lower inflammation in some patients and are an option as well, taken orally two hours before exercise:
- Singulair (montelukast)
- Accolate (zafirlukast)
- Zyflo (zileuton)
Did you know? QuickMD can prescribe asthma medications online, right from the comfort of your home. This means you don’t have to worry about visiting a clinic or dealing with insurance. We’re here to make managing your condition as easy as possible.
